New Random Answers to Random Search Terms

I haven't done a Random Answers post for awhile, but this week's search terms were inspiring. Click on the tag at the end of this article to read older posts.

Separation

>> remarrying after common law separation

Go right ahead and get married. Common-law couples aren't legally married, and you don't need to get a divorce before entering into a new long term relationship or getting married.

Separation Agreements

>> who can witness the signing of a separation agreement

Anyone who is 19 or older and sane, and not the other party to the agreement.

>> how many copies of the separation agreement are required in bc

Only one original copy is absolutely necessary, however it's sometimes helpful to have additional copies in case you need to file the agreement in court for enforcement purposes. Normally, each party would have one original copy and each lawyer would have one original copy, for a total of four copies. I usually make an extra original copy so that I can file one in court and still have an original copy for my records, making a total of five copies.

>> difference between separation agreement and divorce

A separation agreement is a contract recording the settlement of the issues arising when a relationship breaks down. A divorce is a court order legally terminating a marriage. You must get an order to be divorced, you can't be divorced by a separation agreement.

Divorce

>> why is there a 31 day waiting period in a divorce case

This search term is about the 31 delay between the date the court makes a divorce order and the date the divorce order takes effect. The delay is required in order to allow the appeal period to expire before the couple are actually divorced. If there is an urgent reason for the divorce to take effect earlier than the end of the appeal period, the court making the divorce order can specify that it will take effect sooner. The court may require both spouses to execute Certificates of No Appeal.

>> does having sex with the person you just divorced make the divorce void

Nope. Go for it.

Litigation

>> what happens if you respond late to a family claim in bc supreme court

In theory, someone who doesn't reply to a Notice of Family Claim within the 30 day period prescribed by Rule 4-3(1) of the Supreme Court Family Rules is not a "respondent" as defined by Rule 1-1(1) and isn't entitled to notice of any further step in the case, including the trial. Although this sounds pretty Draconian, the court will allow a respondent to file a Response to Family Claim late and will usually allow an application to set aside a default judgment as long as the respondent had a good reason for not responding.

>> can judges make rulings at provincial court case conference

Yes. Under Rule 7(4) of the Provincial Court (Family) Rules, the judge hearing a Family Case Conference can (b) decide any issues that do not require evidence, (f) make an order to which all of the parties consent and (n) make any other order or give any direction that the judge considers appropriate. The court will not usually make any orders except procedural orders without the parties' agreement.

>> can a cpl be registered in bc provincial court

No, but they can't be registered in the Supreme Court either. Certificates of Pending Litigation are registered with the BC Land Title and Survey Authority.

Decision Released in Marriage Commissioner Reference

The Saskatchewan Court of Appeal has just released its decision in a reference from the provincial government, In the Matter of Marriage Commissioners Appointed Under the Marriage Act, 1995.

This reference resulted from the enactment of the federal Civil Marriage Act in 2005 which redefined marriage to include same-sex unions. The Saskatchewan government asked the Court of Appeal whether a legislative amendment to allow marriage commissioners to refuse to perform same-sex marriage ceremonies would be constitutional. In a nutshell, the court said no, holding that to do so would violate the equality rights of gays and lesbians in a manner that couldn't be justified on Charter grounds. This is the summary released by the Court of Appeal:

"The reasoning of the Court is grounded in section 15(1) of the Charter. This provision prohibits discrimination based on various characteristics including sexual orientation. The Court ruled that a law empowering marriage commissioners to deny their services to gay and lesbian individuals would clearly violate section 15(1) as it would treat them differently than other people and would do so in a discriminatory fashion based on their sexual orientation.

"The key issue in the case, according to the Court, was whether this violation of rights could be justified as being reasonable within the special meaning of that term as it is used in section 1 of the Charter. In this regard, the Court held that accommodating the religious beliefs of marriage commissioners could not justify discrimination against gay and lesbian couples. The Court emphasized that marriage commissioners act as government officials, not private individuals, when they perform marriage ceremonies. It also pointed out that the obligation to solemnize same-sex marriages does not affect or interfere with the core elements of a commissioner’s religious freedom: the freedom to hold beliefs and the freedom to worship. In addition, the Court underlined that allowing marriage commissioners to withhold their services because of personal religious convictions would undercut the fundamental principle that government services must be provided to all members of the public on an impartial and non-discriminatory basis."

Parenting Coordinators Update Roster List

The BC Parenting Coordinators Roster Society has expanded its roster. The society now boasts a total of 34 accredited parenting coordinators and improved availability across the province, with members practicing in:

• Cranbrook
• Fort St. John
• Kelowna
• Nanaimo
  
• North Vancouver
• Port Coquitlam
  
• Richmond
• Surrey
  
• Vancouver
• Victoria

In August this year, the society announced its adoption of the Guidelines for Parenting Coordination (PDF) of the Association of Family and Conciliation Courts as the practice standards of its members and published its criteria for admission to the society as a parenting coordinator.

Dial-A-Law Updates Family Law Scripts

Dial-A-Law, a public legal information project of the Canadian Bar Association BC Branch, has just published a complete overhaul of its online library of family law scripts which, among other things, brings them up to date with the new Supreme Court Family Rules. The updated scripts address a wide range of family law issues, from divorce and annulment, to custody and guardianship, to child protection and family violence. A new script provides a general introduction to family law and the family court process.

The complete collection of Dial-A-Law scripts can be accessed at www.dialalaw.org or by calling 604.687.4680 in the Lower Mainland and 1.800.565.5297 elsewhere in British Columbia.

Practical Tips for Dealing with the Application Prone Litigant

A disproportionately small number of litigants are responsible for a surprisingly large amount of litigation. These high-conflict couples, usually estimated at five to ten percent of the divorcing population, will find themselves in court on dozen or more chambers applications before trial, and back in court on a half-dozen or more chambers applications after trial.

The problem for people stuck on the receiving end of a plague of applications is that they must reply to each and every application or risk a judgment being made in default and, if they have lawyers, the cost can be crippling. Unfortunately there's no rule of court that screens out hopeless applications or puts a limit on the number of applications that can be made. Here are some options.

Costs, costs and more costs

"Costs" are a financial penalty usually awarded against the party whose position was the most unrealistic or most unreasonable in a court action. (Costs aren't a lawyer's bill, it's an amount calculated using the formula set out in Appendix B of the Supreme Court Family Rules.) Costs can also be awarded for applications made in the course of a court action.

Most of the time, the costs of applications are determined when costs of the court action are being decided. However, under Rule 16-1 the court can make an order about costs when an application has been heard and make an order that they be payable right away. Rule 16-1(13) also allows a party's conduct to be taken in account when determining costs:

If anything is done or omitted improperly or unnecessarily, by or on behalf of a party, the court or a registrar may order

(a) that any costs arising from or associated with any matter related to the act or omission not be allowed to the party, or

(b) that the party pay the costs incurred by any other party by reason of the act or omission.

It's fairly rare for costs to awarded right away for family law applications. If the court believes that the applicant is acting in good faith and has reasonably brought his or her application, the court will usually say nothing about costs, leave it to the trial judge to make a decision about costs, or say that the person who is ultimately most successful when the court action is determined will have his or her costs of the application (called "costs in the cause"). Where the applicant has obviously been unreasonable or brought his or her application in bad faith, however, the court may order that:

1. the application respondent have his or her costs of the application no matter what happens with the trial (called "costs in any event of the cause");
2. the application respondent have his or her costs of the application payable right away; or,
3. the applicant pay a fixed amount as costs to the application respondent right away (called "lump-sum costs").

Lump-sum costs are the most punitive because they require the money to be paid right away, not when the trial has come to an end. At the other end of the spectrum are awards of costs in the cause, which are hardly punitive at all.

When it comes to dealing with someone who's application prone and unreasonable, you need to start keeping a list of the dates you've been in court and orders the other side was asking for.

• Assuming you're successful, you need to start asking for your costs of each application in any event of the cause.
• When it's your second or third application on more or less the same subject, you need to start complaining about how often the other side has dragged you into court and ask for your costs of each application payable right away.
• When you can prove that the other side is acting in bad faith or intentionally wasting your time, you need to ask for your costs of the application in a fixed lump-sum payable right away.

If the court has made a lump-sum costs award that the other side hasn't paid, you can raise the outstanding costs order as an initial objection to any further applications.

Ask the judge to seize him- or herself of the case

When a judge "seizes" him- or herself of a case, it means that the judge will be the only judge to hear all future applications until the case goes to trial or the judge has finally had enough. (Judges who seize themselves of applications like this usually won't hear the trial of the action.) This can be very handy because it means that the judge will learn all about the other side's issues in fairly short order, and hopefully get a bit jaded about the urgency of every new application. Otherwise, particularly in larger centres like Vancouver, Victoria and New Westminster, there's a good chance that each application will be heard by a new judge, giving the other side a change to make his or her pitch afresh.

Many judges are understandably reluctant to seize themselves of applications like this. It can be very difficult and very time consuming, and often require the judge to make him- or herself available to hear an application on short notice or while engaged in something else like a trial. When a judge will seize him- or herself of a file, however, it's an absolutely wonderful thing.

When it comes to dealing with someone who's application prone and it's clear that there's no end in sight to the number of applications you're going to have to deal with, you need to start asking the judges who are hearing the other side's applications if they will consider seizing themselves of further applications brought in the action. Although you should expect to be turned down, if you don't ask it'll never happen.

Ask for an order that permission be obtained for further applications

Finally, s. 18 of the Supreme Court Act says this:

If, on application by any person, the court is satisfied that a person has habitually, persistently and without reasonable grounds, instituted vexatious legal proceedings in the Supreme Court or in the Provincial Court against the same or different persons, the court may, after hearing that person or giving him or her an opportunity to be heard, order that a legal proceeding must not, without leave of the court, be instituted by that person in any court.

In other word, if you can show that the other side has persistently brought unreasonable applications against you, you may be able to ask the court for an order that he or she not bring any further applications without first getting permission from a judge. Similar orders may be made by case management judges or the judge hearing a Judicial Case Conference.

This really is a heavy hammer, and the court won't make an order like this unless it is clear that someone really is behaving unreasonably and capriciously. Don't expect the court to make this sort of order lightly, and don't ask for it without getting advise from a lawyer first. The last thing you want is to come across as over-the-top as the other party!

The Revenge of Facebook, Part II

For many folks, it seems that this is not in fact the most wonderful time of year. It turns out that this is the time of year when you're most likely to be dumping or being dumped.

Journalist David McCandless has used Facebook status updates, more than 10,000 of them, to figure out when we're most likely to leave a relationship. It turns out that Mondays are bad, so is the start of the summer holidays, but the two weeks before Christmas are second only to the beginning of spring break.

Separated with Children Financial Workshop

The Justice Education Society is hosting two workshops in the new year to help parents deal with the legal, emotional, social and financial turmoil of separation. The workshops will deal with:

• becoming financially independent
• dealing with your ex and children about money
• budgeting and debt issues
• child support, spousal support and property divisions issues

The workshops are free. You just need to register ahead of time. Call the society at 604-775-0856 in the lower mainland or at 1-800-775-0856 from elsewhere.

Vancouver
Monday 21 February 2011, 6:30 to 9:30 pm

Port Coquitlam
Wednesday 23 March 2011, 6:00 to 9:00pm